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The Video Privacy Protection Act (VPPA) was a bill passed by the United States Congress in 1988 as and signed into law by President Ronald Reagan. It was created to prevent what it refers to as "wrongful disclosure of video tape rental or sale records (similar audio visual materials, to cover items such as video games and the future DVD format )." Congress passed the VPPA after Robert Bork's video rental history was published during his Supreme Court nomination. It makes any "video tape service provider" that discloses rental information outside the ordinary course of business liable for up to $2500 in actual damages. ==Effects of the law== In 2008, a class action lawsuit against Blockbuster Inc. was filed over the release of customer rental and sales records to Facebook through the controversial Facebook Beacon program. The lawsuit alleged the release of the records was a violation of the Video Privacy Protection Act.〔Vijayan, Jaikumar (2008-04-18), "(Blockbuster sued over Facebook Beacon information sharing )". ''Computerworld''.〕 In December 2009, an anonymous plaintiff filed a lawsuit against the online DVD rental company Netflix over its release of data sets for the Netflix Prize, alleging that the company's release of the information constituted a violation of the VPPA.〔Singel, Ryan. ("Netflix Spilled Your Brokeback Mountain Secret, Lawsuit Claims" ), ''Wired Magazine''〕 This act was referenced in the ''Lane v. Facebook, Inc.'' class action. Based on this act it is generalized to other forms of rental records such as DVDs and Video games etc. Netflix cited the act in 2011 following the announcement of its global integration with Facebook. The company noted that the VPPA was the sole reason why the new feature was not immediately available in the United States, and it encouraged its customers to contact their representatives in support of legislation that would clarify the language of the law.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work=Netflix Blog )〕 In 2012, Netflix changed its privacy rules so that it no longer retains records for people who have left the site. This change was due directly to a lawsuit indicating violation of the act.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Class-action lawsuit settlement forces Netflix privacy changes )〕 In January, 2013, President Obama signed in to law H.R. 6671 which amended the Video Privacy Protection Act to allow video rental companies to share rental information on social networking sites after obtaining customer permission. Netflix had lobbied for the change.〔(Obama signs Netflix-backed amendment to video privacy law ), Steven Musil, Cnet, January 10, 2013, accessed June 18, 2015〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Video Privacy Protection Act」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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